Profusely illustrated, this book by the worlds top solder educator has been the leader in its field for two decades. Fundamentals of throughhole soldering solderability solder alloys flux deposition and flux activation thermal profiling throughhole design guidelines quality measurement troubleshooting guideline process optimization preventative maintenance. Soldering is used in nearly every phase of electronic construction. Wet the soldering station sponge with the water provided in the lab. A typical soldering iron consists of a copper bit on a steel shank in a wooden handle. To tin a component ready for soldering, apply the soldering iron and solder to the area of the component lead that needs tinning. Fundamentals of selective soldering aci technologies, inc. While the iron is heating dampen the sponge with a little bit of water. Solder alloys flux deposition and flux activation thermal profiling throughhole design guidelines quality measurement. C solder bath temperature and 24 sec dwell time leadfree sac305 alloy. Blue pencil cases contain the correct larger sponge and tips for the blue soldering irons.
Larger sizes are used for heavy work requiring much heat, and smaller ones for fine work like soldering wires. However, some people cleverly use them to solder multiple leads on surface mount devices. Chapter 6 soldering, brazing, braze welding, and wearfacing the information presented in chapter 5 covered the joining of metal parts by the process of fusion welding. Download adobe pdf file right 1960s 8 page guide to easy soldering published by weller. Keep the tip of the soldering iron clean and free from resin. If the soldering times exceed the upper limit listed in table 1, consider using a larger tip or a higher power soldering iron. Dross and i use this term to encompass all surface contamination is created in conjunction with the presence of oxygen in two different areas of the process, and by separate means. Soldering irons may also be heated electrically or from a gas supply. Selective soldering selective soldering series part 1. No enterprise is entirely errorfree, so there are likely to be selective soldering defects that occur at some point in time. Common defects in lead free wave soldering process. Lead free wave and selective soldering technologies. Video podcast soldering tutorial, we present a pdf of gareth branwyns street tech soldering guide with illustrations by mark frauenfelder, which was published in gareths book absolute beginners guide to building robots between the video, gareths guide, and the primer in make. Pdf electronic components are soldered on to a printed circuit board pcb to form.
But throughhole pins are still a necessary for many boards, and they still need to be soldered. Unlike wave soldering where pcbs are conveyed in a straight line through a stationary wave, selective soldering uses robotics to individually move each board over stationary soldering nozzles and tooling. The soldering iron tip the soldering iron tip transfers thermal energy from the heater to the solder connection. Electronic components, wires, and circuits swr 5 october 2007 required tools and supplies. Measure and verify regularly that the set solder temperature is stable. Learn how to insert the correct tip in the soldering iron, tin it when new, select correct.
Soldering stations already have this feature, otherwise a separate soldering iron stand is essential, preferably one with a holder for tipcleaning sponges. With over 80 clear colour photos, this classleading reference assumes no prior knowledge and explains the correct choice of soldering irons and tips, lead and lead free solder, rosin fluxes and tools. A board made with a soldering defect will either not function correctly upon leaving the factory, or will be prone to malfunct. If you are attaching a wire to an existing hole on the board, make sure that the hole is clean and free of any excess solder see desoldering for more detail. Distance from fluxer to pcb is too high, flux can not go up the hole. Summary selective soldering can be very successful if the right parameters are selected. Because every pcb has its own specific layout and materials, the selective soldering machine is designed for different configuration, using software. A soldering tool must be hot enough to do the job and lightweight enough for agility and comfort. Soldering irons are best used along with a heatresistant benchtype holder, so that the hot iron can be safely parked in between use. Soldering guns have a pistolshaped body, with a loop of thick copper. Temperaturecontrolled soldering station is preferable 650. A tips conductivity determines how fast thermal energy can be sent from the heater to the connection. How to use the right flux for the selective soldering. Basic soldering for electronics pace handbook free.
Not to be confused with radio or electronic solder, which is intended for soldering electronic components and has very little strength compared to silver solder. Soldering is accomplished by heating the component lead and pcb pad with a soldering iron and melting solder wire into the joint. Only use enough solder for this to leave a thin layer of solder on the component lead. Selective soldering workshops introductory and advanced 2day selective soldering workshops compresses learning curve for those new to selective or advances indepth knowledge more than 195 people from over 100 companies have attended previous workshops taught by independent industry specialists combined classroom and handson. If you can only get leadfree solder where you live, its ok, but please dont breathe in the nasty smoke. The art of soldering the two key factors in quality soldering are time and temperature. Practical electronicssoldering wikibooks, open books.
Soldering process the trick to soldering is identifying when you have the right amount of heat and solder. Not only will a knowledge of how to solder and general soldering techniques enable reliable solder joints to be made, but the finished electronic project will look much better, and it will be possible to take pride in the overall job. Guide to better soldering brochure university of maryland. Both soldering irons and soldering guns are tools used in the process of electrical soldering. Link the soldering primer is required reading and can be found in make. Mastering selective soldering processing and manufacturability researched, produced and published by itm incorporated 12 sunnyside drive durham, nh 03824 usa. Aoyue international limited jishui industrial zone, nantou, zhongshan city, guangdong province, p. The program was perfect for fundamental information.
Selective soldering troubleshooting ddm novastar learning. Hand soldering basics university of colorado boulder. Two major issues affecting the soldering process today are the conversion to leadfree soldering and miniaturization. The process offers flexibility, advanced control and automation. Kate shares many tips and tricks in this class including setup and safety, how to use paste solder to solder jump rings, make chain and create and fabricate an embellished bead. The wave of the future wave versus selective soldering aci technologies, inc.
Basic soldering for electronics pace handbook free download. Selective soldering defects and how to prevent them gerjan diepstraten vitronics soltec bv introduction two major issues affecting the soldering process today are the conversion to leadfree soldering and miniaturization. The primary benefit of the selective soldering process is its. A 100w soldering gun is overkill for printedcircuit work, for example. Soldering is a skill that is essential for anyone interested in the construction of electronics projects and electronic circuits. Most soldering guns are vastly overpowered for electronics soldering and can easily overheat components or expose them to harmful voltages. Always use the lowest is equipped with a quick heating ceramic heater for fast response possible temperature when soldering. Soldering guns are for plumbing and much heavier duty applications, and are usually over 100 watts. Jan 05, 2007 download the pdf or get it automatically delivered in itunes. Soldering methods and procedures for vicor power modules. If you are using a temperature controlled iron, set it to 700f370c for 6040 or 750f400c for leadfree solder.
Clean the tip of the soldering iron and tin it with solder. Clean the iron wipe the tip of the hot iron on the damp sponge to clean off any oxidation. Selective soldering also uses two different techniquesdrag or dip solderingto solder individual sites or components. As with other soldering processes, the transition to lead free makes it more challenging due to the higher required temperatures. Selective soldering defects and how to prevent them. With over 80 clear colour photos, this classleading reference assumes no prior knowledge and explains the correct choice of soldering irons and tips, lead and leadfree solder, rosin fluxes and tools. While this process can be cumbersome, many manufacturers have turned to selective soldering. In selective soldering, only throughhole components are soldered. Todays selective soldering technology is capable of soldering with lead free solders and tinlead combinations. It is an inline selective soldering system that utilizes a power controlled diode. You cant work in electronics without solder and you shouldnt work with solder without solders and soldering, fourth edition.
Although soldering can seem daunting at first, once you give it a try. The primary tool used for applying solder is a soldering iron, a device whose metal tip heats to temperatures well above the melting. Introduction to soldering this class teaches everything that you need to know to get started with basic soldering. Volume 01, there is no excuse for people not to pick up a soldering. Pdf selective soldering is the process of soldering components to printed circuit boards that could. I want to thank you for your time and expertise in the fundamentals of selective soldering training program. Dross and the selective soldering process by alan cable, president, ace production technologies inc. Plug an andor turn on your soldering iron to warm up. How to prevent selective soldering defects selective soldering defects and solutions there are a number of selective soldering defects, which negatively impact the products made in the selective soldering process.
This technical note outlines some basic rules of thumb that apply to all hand soldering operations. Solders with noclean flux may be used to facilitate soldering. Equipment required 1 soldering iron and associated power supply 1 sponge, wet 1 protoboard 1 wirestripping tool 1 thirdhand if available or tape or clamps. How to use the right flux for the selective soldering application.
This type of construction was common from the 1960s until early 2000s and is still used by hobbyists and in small scale production where manual assembly is preferred. High temperature shortens tip life and the aoyue int2930 is a 70 watt high performance soldering iron. Measure and verify regularly that the set temperature profile on the top and bottom of the pcb is stable. Describe what each of these tools looks like, and how they function. This guide applies to throughhole technology hand soldering practices and though most surface mount soldering rules are similar, it does not address some specific intricacies of surface mount soldering practices. Best practices for evaluating selective soldering systems kurtz ersa. It uses a vision system for auto alignment, simple download of cad data to create programs, and an offline editor to allow. Mastering selective soldering processing and manufacturability. Make sure pcb pads and holes are clean before to soldering. Silver soldering tips if you have been modeling for a while you have probably had to do some nonelectronic soldering at one time or another.
Volume 01 or digital subscribers can go read it online. It is frequently used to join wires to leads of components such as switches or to join components of all kinds to a printed circuit board. Pdf study on effect of thermostructural loading on the pcb during. Selective soldering design rules for selective soldering assemblies. Pdf model for improvement of fluxing process on selective. Leadfree solder joint sac305 selectwave soldering selectwave soldering the board material is a regular fr4 material with a low tg value not suitable for leadfree and selective soldering with high temperatures. Included in many of their vintage soldering gun kits. Downselecting low solids fluxes for pbfree selective soldering. Selective soldering process recommended parameters download pdf version. Use the attached basic soldering guide as a reference even if you have soldered before. Soldering quality and performance vary depending on tip geometry, board thickness, temperature, flux type, technique, etc. In the tinlead process, soldering takes the longest amount of time.
In the leadfree process, the solder time is still 59. With the proper tools and techniques, productivity will increase. In fact i have already been busy programming several circuit. The basic soldering guide, winstanley, alan, ebook. In a selective soldering process a robot system is used to pick up the assembly and drag it over a single point select wave, or dip the assembly into multiple nozzles that are mounted on a product specific nozzle plate. Basic principles of liquidous flow soldering must take place. In the selective soldering process, dross can be detrimental. Selective soldering defining the correct soldering process.
Do not wet the sponge in the bathroom or the water fountain. The selective soldering application requires a combination of performance attributes that traditional liquid fluxes designed for wave soldering applications cannot fulfill. Selective soldering process recommended parameters. Majority of leadfree solders available exhibit poorer properties and higher. He possess vast experience of over 30 years in the field of surface mount technology and has given his services as lead engineer at companies like boeing and intel. With the growing popularity of smt technology, throughhole technology is taking up less real estate on a pcb assembly. The master reference on the principles, methods, and materials of soldering covers core concepts and recent developments 19 processes for soldering and heating lead free solders and safety precautions design advances new flux processes and products, with epa and osha regulations. A modern soldering iron is a pencilshaped device with an electrical heating element in its end. Vintage weller soldering guides left 1950s 20 page guide to easier soldering published by weller.
The secret of good soldering is to use the right amount of heat. The selective soldering application requires a combination of performance attributes that traditional liquid fluxes designed for. Become familiar with the general practices involved with soldering circuit boards, wires, and other electrical components. Soldering a wire to a circuit board soldering a wire to a circuit board this is delic ate work that you will do while soldering. However, they can be prevented, by understanding the types of defects such as those previously discussed and how they occur, as well as how they are prevented. Th soldering process parameters tinlead snpb alloy. Plug in the soldering iron, turn it on, and let it warm up for 23 minutes. How to prevent selective soldering defects blog rps. Page 1 soldering station instruction manual instruction manual instruction manual instruction manual thank you for purchasing the aoyue int2930 soldering station. Lead free solder joint sac305 selectwave soldering selectwave soldering the board material is a regular fr4 material with a low tg value not suitable for lead free and selective soldering with high temperatures. Below i have added some comments to emphasize some of the common errors that engineers make when trying to solder.
Soldering iron or soldering station, with a small tip. How to manage wave solder alloy contamination vemet. Pay particular attention to the photos in the galleries. Keep manual in accessible place for future reference. Soldering is the use of a conductive substance with a low melting point solder to electrically connect components together. In the lead free process, the solder time is still 59. If you are using a temperature controlled iron, set it to 700f370c for 6040 or 750f400c for lead free solder. Mastering selective soldering processing and manufacturability researched, produced and published by itm incorporated 12 sunnyside drive. In most soldering iron tips, the base metal is copper or some copper alloy because of its excellent thermal conductivity. Many people who have not soldered before use too little heat, dabbing at the joint to be soldered and making little solder blobs that cause unintended short circuits. Its robustness and wide process window make it ideal for lead free soldering, where solderability and thermal vulnerability of certain components may be issues. A key goal is to minimally affect the surfacemount components and other adjacent materials on the board. If in doubt the blue soldering iron tips have a 7 stamped on the end of the tip indicating an operating temperature of 700f.